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Sure.

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So an eclipse happens.

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A solar eclipse happens when the Moon
crosses between the Earth and the Sun.

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For this total solar eclipse,
the Moon is going to completely block out

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the Sun and its shadow
will be cast on on the Earth.

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And so if you're lucky enough
to be in that path of totality,

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you're going to see the outer
corona of the Sun.

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That's the upper atmosphere of the Sun.

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If you're outside of that path of
totality, you will have a partial eclipse,

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which means you won't be able to see that
full totality, but you'll experience

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a partial eclipse nonetheless.

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Right.

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So make sure that you have your solar
eclipse glasses handy.

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They're designed
specifically to look at the Sun.

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So actually,
when you put them up to your eyes,

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you won't be able to see anything
but the Sun itself.

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If you don't have these solar eclipse
viewing glasses handy,

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you can actually create
a pinhole projector so that you can see

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what the shadow of the Sun is casting down
through that pinhole projector.

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If you don't have that, things
around the house work too.

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So you can get a calendar,

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something that has a bunch of little holes
in it, or you can make your own by kind

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of bringing your fingers together
and letting the Sun shine through.

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So the 2017 solar eclipse.

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First of all,
it had a different path across the U.S.

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And this path, the totality path,
is actually going to be wider this time.

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Totality is also going
to last a little bit longer.

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We're maxing out around
about four and a half minutes

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and we have more people
living within that path of totality.

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So this time we have about 31 million
people

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who live across that path,
which means hopefully

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we'll have more viewers for that
total solar eclipse as well.

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Absolutely.

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So the first thing that you can do
is experience your eclipse

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and talk about it as well.

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Talk about that experience
and what it meant for you.

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Now, NASA has several projects that you
can actually get involved with as well.

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Globe Observer is the first one,
and that is a way to actually track

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what the temperature
and the cloud coverage is at your location

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to report that out
and help us to understand

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how the eclipse impacts
weather that we experience here on Earth.

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Now, Sun Sketcher is another project
that NASA is offering

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where you can actually help us
to determine kind of the shape

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and the size of the Sun
during the eclipse as well.

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And then finally, Soundscapes.

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So sounds change during the eclipse.

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And what I mean by that is that wildlife
and nature around you may change.

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And so you have the opportunity
to really help us

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to understand what those sounds are
that you're experiencing, whether birds

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kind of start to nest and chirp and go in
if the crickets come out as well.

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So as you said, during a total
solar eclipse,

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it's one of the only times that
we can really study the upper atmosphere.

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We have instruments called coronagraphs

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that allow us to do this
on a regular basis.

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However, it doesn't let us get down into
that lower portion of the corona as well.

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So scientists are really looking
to understand kind

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of some of the wispy structures
that will see some of the activity

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that the Sun is currently generating
and really just study

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kind of the dynamics of the Sun
at that time.

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Right.

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So the natural ones are important
because they allow us to really understand

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what's going on lower in the corona,
the disks that we get

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from the Coronagraph, those instruments,
the way the light bends around them.

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We can't get really deep
into that other portion of the corona.

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And so we have to have special experiments
during the eclipse

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that let us study those
so that we can really understand

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how the corona is being heated,
how particles are being being accelerated

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out to space as well.

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Right.

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So for this eclipse, I am excited
to compare it with my other eclipse

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experiences.

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I was able to view the total
solar eclipse in 2017

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and then I was able to view
the annular eclipse

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that just took place in October of 2023.

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And what I've learned
is that each eclipse feels different

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not only because they might be different
kinds of eclipses,

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but I'm located somewhere else.

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The people around me
are different as well.

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And so just kind of comparing
all of these experiences is what

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I'm looking forward to.

81
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Yeah, absolutely.

82
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So what we've been talking about
is a total solar eclipse.

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When the moon comes between the Earth
and the Sun and completely

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blocks out the Sun so that we can see that
upper atmosphere of the Sun.

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Now, an annular eclipse happens
in the same way

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where the Moon passes
between the Earth and the Sun.

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The difference is that
the Moon is actually going to be

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a little bit further from the Earth
and it's not completely blocking the Sun.

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So for an annular eclipse,
we're left with a ring of fire in the sky.

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Now, a partial eclipse is something else
that we can experience

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where the Moon will block the Sun,
but not fully.

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It won't fully cross over in between.

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And so just part of
the Sun will be occulted.

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Then we also have lunar eclipses
where in this case

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the Earth is between the Moon and the Sun.

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And those can occur
quite frequently as well.

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So the Sun

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goes through an 11 year cycle of activity.

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It goes up to a maximum
where it peaks in activity.

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There's more solar flares,
there is more radiation

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coming off the Sun,
there are more coronal mass ejections.

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And then in that 11 years, it reaches
maximum, it comes back down to a minimum.

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And so right now we're at the point where
we're actually reaching solar maximum

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and seeing that enhanced activity as well.

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Yes. So the viewers can visit,

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go to nasa.gov, slash Eclipse 2024, [ go.nasa.gov/Eclipse2024]

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and that will give you all sorts
of information about viewing the eclipse.

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How to safely view
it using those eclipse viewing glasses,

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and also looking for the map so that
you can identify that path of totality.

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Now, an X, you can go to at NASA's Sun [ @NASASun ]
to see some of the posts

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that we have on social media as well.