1 00:00:10,510 --> 00:00:14,114 So increasing global temperatures lead to increasing extreme events, too. 2 00:00:14,114 --> 00:00:15,715 And we're seeing those extreme events now. 3 00:00:15,715 --> 00:00:18,718 We're seeing more heatwaves, more wildfires. 4 00:00:18,852 --> 00:00:20,553 We're seeing changes in the water cycle 5 00:00:20,553 --> 00:00:24,524 that lead to more heavy precipitation events and in some regions, more droughts. 6 00:00:24,758 --> 00:00:28,261 And we know that those events have increased with warming to date 7 00:00:28,461 --> 00:00:32,599 and that future warming will lead to even more increases in these extremes. 8 00:00:32,699 --> 00:00:35,802 We do see different extremes depending on where you live in the country. 9 00:00:35,802 --> 00:00:39,672 So we tend to see more droughts and wildfires out west and more 10 00:00:39,672 --> 00:00:50,450 heavy precipitation events in the in the east. 11 00:00:50,550 --> 00:00:53,153 So one of the big things that NASA does is we study the planet. 12 00:00:53,153 --> 00:00:56,022 We understand things about the atmosphere, the land, 13 00:00:56,022 --> 00:00:58,925 the oceans, and we make all of that data publicly available. 14 00:00:58,925 --> 00:01:01,394 So people have access to it all around the world. 15 00:01:01,394 --> 00:01:04,631 And one of the things we're working on now is making that easier to use. 16 00:01:04,831 --> 00:01:06,766 And the goal is really to ensure 17 00:01:06,766 --> 00:01:09,135 that people have access to the information they need 18 00:01:09,135 --> 00:01:12,138 and so they can understand what's happening, where they live, 19 00:01:12,238 --> 00:01:16,209 how their community is changing, and they can take steps to address that. 20 00:01:16,276 --> 00:01:19,512 As part of that, we opened an Earth Information Center 21 00:01:19,746 --> 00:01:23,716 last summer that provides that information to the public so people can see 22 00:01:23,817 --> 00:01:36,096 what we know about the planet and and can use that information. 23 00:01:36,162 --> 00:01:38,298 So one of the other things NASA does is we develop 24 00:01:38,298 --> 00:01:41,701 technologies that can help us mitigate or adapt to climate change. 25 00:01:41,768 --> 00:01:44,571 So we have an aeronautics team that does research on airplanes, 26 00:01:44,571 --> 00:01:45,872 and they've worked with the aviation 27 00:01:45,872 --> 00:01:49,576 industry for decades to reduce the energy use and emissions in aircraft. 28 00:01:49,742 --> 00:01:53,246 And they're continuing to work to think about how we can reduce 29 00:01:53,246 --> 00:02:04,624 the environmental impact of flying in the future. 30 00:02:04,691 --> 00:02:05,558 So El Nino is 31 00:02:05,558 --> 00:02:08,728 part of a natural cycle that affects global temperatures. 32 00:02:08,728 --> 00:02:11,531 So El Nino years tend to be warmer on average. 33 00:02:11,531 --> 00:02:13,433 La Nina years tend to be cooler. 34 00:02:13,433 --> 00:02:17,070 But on top of that natural cycle, we are also experiencing human induced 35 00:02:17,070 --> 00:02:20,273 climate change that's leading to increases in temperature overall. 36 00:02:20,473 --> 00:02:24,177 So our El Nino years tend to be warmer than the previous El Nino years. 37 00:02:24,244 --> 00:02:27,680 Just as an example, 2022 was a La Nina year. 38 00:02:27,881 --> 00:02:32,051 It was the hottest La Nina year on record and it was tied for the fifth warmest 39 00:02:32,051 --> 00:02:45,532 overall, even though La Nina years tend to be cooler on average. 40 00:02:45,632 --> 00:02:47,433 So one of the things that we know from science 41 00:02:47,433 --> 00:02:50,937 and understanding on our planet, we also see this we look at other planets, 42 00:02:51,171 --> 00:02:53,506 is that the temperature rise that we're seeing up 43 00:02:53,506 --> 00:02:55,875 until now is driven by greenhouse gas emissions. 44 00:02:55,875 --> 00:03:00,480 And what we know about future temperatures is as long as we have positive carbon 45 00:03:00,480 --> 00:03:12,625 dioxide emissions, we're going to continue to see temperatures rise. 46 00:03:12,692 --> 00:03:14,360 Yeah, so we're really excited about PACE. 47 00:03:14,360 --> 00:03:16,396 It's launching in just a few weeks. 48 00:03:16,396 --> 00:03:19,933 It's going to tell us more about looking at the color of the ocean 49 00:03:19,999 --> 00:03:21,167 and that will give us information 50 00:03:21,167 --> 00:03:24,737 about the species that live in the ocean and the diversity of those species. 51 00:03:24,904 --> 00:03:28,107 And from that will be able to provide information to marine fisheries, 52 00:03:28,174 --> 00:03:31,010 will be able to look at things like harmful algal blooms 53 00:03:31,010 --> 00:03:34,514 and really understand what's on the surface of the ocean. 54 00:03:34,614 --> 00:03:36,649 In addition to looking at the surface of the ocean 55 00:03:36,649 --> 00:03:39,152 PACE is also going to give us information about aerosols. 56 00:03:39,152 --> 00:03:41,187 These are these little particles in the atmosphere 57 00:03:41,187 --> 00:03:51,598 and peace is going to help us better understand those. 58 00:03:51,664 --> 00:03:54,567 So you can find more information about this and all of our missions. 59 00:03:54,567 --> 00:03:58,438 At nasa.gov, we also have information on social media @NASA.