WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:00.234 --> 00:00:06.707 >> JOHN: Quiet on the set! [LAUGHTER] Hubble Space 2 00:00:06.707 --> 00:00:11.712 Telescope servicing mission two take 129. [SLATE CLACKS] 3 00:00:11.712 --> 00:00:24.358 [UPBEAT MUSIC] 4 00:00:24.558 --> 00:00:27.794 >> JOHN: Hello, I’m John Grunsfeld, NASA astronaut. 5 00:00:27.794 --> 00:00:31.732 >>RUSS: Hello, I’m Russ Werneth, I was the EVA manager 6 00:00:31.732 --> 00:00:32.966 for Hubble Space Telescope servicing missions. >>JOHNL An 7 00:00:32.966 --> 00:00:36.270 Space Telescope servicing missions. >> JOHN: An 8 00:00:36.270 --> 00:00:40.040 extravehicular activity, or EVA, is a long way of saying 9 00:00:40.040 --> 00:00:42.910 “spacewalk,” and I had the pleasure of doing eight 10 00:00:42.910 --> 00:00:45.879 spacewalks on the Hubble Space Telescope. That’s why I’m 11 00:00:45.879 --> 00:00:48.682 wearing these spacewalking gloves. >> RUSS: We noticed 12 00:00:48.682 --> 00:00:51.852 that! >> JOHN: And of course, in space it’s a vacuum so I had to 13 00:00:51.852 --> 00:00:55.022 wear a spacesuit so that I had oxygen to breath and these 14 00:00:55.022 --> 00:00:58.959 gloves. Now the spacesuit was pressurized to about a third of 15 00:00:58.959 --> 00:01:03.430 the atmosphere’s pressure from Earth, 4.2 PSI, and that means 16 00:01:03.430 --> 00:01:06.166 that I was like in a balloon, and that balloon being 17 00:01:06.166 --> 00:01:09.770 pressurized means it was hard to move. So, it made tools hard to 18 00:01:09.770 --> 00:01:13.574 use too. >> RUSS: So, we had to consider that when we were 19 00:01:13.574 --> 00:01:17.277 engineering the tools used by the astronauts, they had to be 20 00:01:17.277 --> 00:01:21.381 unique tools, and that’s one of the requirements, that it work 21 00:01:21.381 --> 00:01:26.086 with the suit with those gloves. >> JOHN: Yep, now in 1997 a team 22 00:01:26.086 --> 00:01:29.589 of astronauts went up to the Hubble Space Telescope on the 23 00:01:29.589 --> 00:01:34.061 Servicing Mission Two, and on that mission, they used the 24 00:01:34.061 --> 00:01:37.464 features of the Hubble Space Telescope, things like doors 25 00:01:37.464 --> 00:01:41.335 that open and close and instruments that can be removed 26 00:01:41.335 --> 00:01:44.938 using the suit to pull the instruments out, but you had to 27 00:01:44.938 --> 00:01:48.508 unbolt ‘em first. Now they put in two new scientific 28 00:01:48.508 --> 00:01:51.378 instruments, and these are the super-duper cameras that allow 29 00:01:51.378 --> 00:01:56.383 us to observe the Universe, but they needed those special tools. 30 00:01:56.383 --> 00:02:00.153 >> RUSS: So, we built what we call the Pistol Grip Tool, and 31 00:02:00.153 --> 00:02:06.927 you can see by the ergonomics of it that it is easy to hold, 32 00:02:06.927 --> 00:02:09.830 although it does have a battery down here, doesn’t weigh 33 00:02:09.830 --> 00:02:15.135 anything in space but it has some mass to it. And the 34 00:02:15.135 --> 00:02:20.507 advantage of this particular tool is it has a computer chip 35 00:02:20.507 --> 00:02:25.846 inside so everything the astronauts did in removing or 36 00:02:25.846 --> 00:02:30.484 inserting fasteners we had recorded the number of turns, 37 00:02:30.484 --> 00:02:38.525 the direction, the torque. So, we knew exactly what was used 38 00:02:38.525 --> 00:02:42.396 when that fastener was put in or taken out, and that helped us in 39 00:02:42.396 --> 00:02:46.199 future missions. >> JOHN: Yup, now this tool was designed so it 40 00:02:46.199 --> 00:02:50.370 could be used with a gloved hand in a spacesuit, a big paddle, so 41 00:02:50.370 --> 00:02:53.840 that when you pull the paddle [TOOL WHIRRS] it pulls the 42 00:02:53.840 --> 00:02:57.911 trigger to run the tool. It can run counterclockwise, you can 43 00:02:57.911 --> 00:03:01.681 switch it to clockwise. It runs at different speeds too, this 44 00:03:01.681 --> 00:03:06.520 was really slow, and you could program the torque for the tool, 45 00:03:06.520 --> 00:03:09.823 how much it turns or tightens, and all of that was very 46 00:03:09.823 --> 00:03:12.292 important. But there was one characteristic of this tool 47 00:03:12.292 --> 00:03:16.063 that’s, I think, really unique, it was flown for the first time 48 00:03:16.063 --> 00:03:19.366 on that second servicing mission, now virtually every 49 00:03:19.366 --> 00:03:23.270 mission in space uses this tool when they’re doing spacewalks. 50 00:03:23.270 --> 00:03:26.706 But who designed this tool? >>RUSS: Well the primary 51 00:03:26.706 --> 00:03:30.977 designer here at Goddard Space Flight Center was Paul Richards. 52 00:03:30.977 --> 00:03:35.549 And Paul actually did something quite neat. He later became an 53 00:03:35.549 --> 00:03:41.521 astronaut and flew on STS-102 to Space Station, and he used the 54 00:03:41.521 --> 00:03:45.292 tool that he developed here on the ground that we started using 55 00:03:45.292 --> 00:03:50.230 for HST and is also used by International Space Station. 56 00:03:50.230 --> 00:03:52.966 >>JOHN: Yep, virtually every spacewalk carries a tool like 57 00:03:52.966 --> 00:03:57.904 this. I think, one of the things that makes humans unique, and 58 00:03:57.904 --> 00:04:00.874 certainly one of the things that makes it a lot of fun to work on 59 00:04:00.874 --> 00:04:05.512 spacewalks is developing tools. There are other animals that use 60 00:04:05.512 --> 00:04:09.116 tools, but nobody in the animal kingdom ever came up with 61 00:04:09.116 --> 00:04:11.718 anything like this. Thanks for the great tool Russ. 62 00:04:11.718 --> 00:04:14.988 >> RUSS: Thanks for using the great tool John! 63 00:04:14.988 --> 00:04:17.991 [UPBEAT MUSIC] 64 00:04:17.991 --> 00:04:22.863 [SILENCE] 65 00:04:22.863 --> 00:04:25.031 >> RUSS: And we have to tell you what “EVA” means. >> JOHN: You 66 00:04:25.031 --> 00:04:29.536 didn't say “EVA.” >> OFF: You gotta say it first. >> RUSS: I 67 00:04:29.536 --> 00:04:33.740 didn't say it? >> JOHN: Nope. [LAUGHTER] >> RUSS: What the? 68 00:04:33.740 --> 00:04:36.343 What did I say? I wasn’t listening but. >>OFF: You said 69 00:04:36.343 --> 00:04:40.347 Hubble, you said Hubble EVA Manager, but- [UPBEAT MUSIC] 70 00:04:40.347 --> 00:04:42.616 >>MARK: Well we thought a couple of terms that they use all the 71 00:04:42.616 --> 00:04:46.086 time on Home Improvement would be the best description of what 72 00:04:46.086 --> 00:04:49.523 we’ve done to the Hubble Space Telescope. And what we’ve 73 00:04:49.523 --> 00:04:53.593 accomplished is that we’ve re-wired it, and we’ve added 74 00:04:53.593 --> 00:04:58.598 mo-[MIC CUTS OFF]