WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:01.902 [rock music] 2 00:00:01.902 --> 00:00:05.038 The Guardians of the Galaxy may have some skills at protecting 3 00:00:05.038 --> 00:00:08.742 the universe from bad guys, but the Hubble Space Telescope also 4 00:00:08.742 --> 00:00:12.079 has some amazing superpowers when it comes to observing 5 00:00:12.079 --> 00:00:16.116 galaxies. A galaxy is an enormous collection of billions 6 00:00:16.116 --> 00:00:19.286 or trillions of stars and other matter that is gravitationally 7 00:00:19.286 --> 00:00:22.422 held together. Most of the individual stars you see with 8 00:00:22.422 --> 00:00:25.926 the naked eye are in our own galaxy, the Milky Way, but if 9 00:00:25.926 --> 00:00:28.996 you use a telescope like Hubble that can see fainter objects, 10 00:00:28.996 --> 00:00:33.300 you can spot other galaxies in all sorts of configurations. For 11 00:00:33.300 --> 00:00:36.570 Hubble’s 27th birthday this April, we released this new 12 00:00:36.570 --> 00:00:39.940 image of two spiral galaxies that are about 55 million 13 00:00:39.940 --> 00:00:43.243 light-years away. The galaxy on the right is viewed almost 14 00:00:43.243 --> 00:00:46.513 face-on at a slight angle, and the galaxy on the left is viewed 15 00:00:46.513 --> 00:00:50.484 edge on. They’re very pretty, but it would be too easy to 16 00:00:50.484 --> 00:00:53.854 guard just two galaxies. Check out this brand new Frontier 17 00:00:53.854 --> 00:00:57.658 Fields image showing thousands of galaxies using two combined 18 00:00:57.658 --> 00:01:00.861 superpowers - Hubble’s incredible optics above Earth’s 19 00:01:00.861 --> 00:01:04.331 atmosphere, and a quirk of nature called gravitational 20 00:01:04.331 --> 00:01:08.602 lensing. The enormous mass of a cluster of galaxies is warping 21 00:01:08.602 --> 00:01:12.372 space in a way that acts as a lens that magnifies, brightens, 22 00:01:12.372 --> 00:01:16.343 and distorts the light from galaxies behind it. The galaxies 23 00:01:16.343 --> 00:01:20.047 in cluster Abell 370 are the bright yellowish white smudges, 24 00:01:20.047 --> 00:01:23.884 and they’re about 4 billion light-years away. Most of the 25 00:01:23.884 --> 00:01:26.853 other smudges are background galaxies being gravitationally 26 00:01:26.853 --> 00:01:30.023 lensed by the galaxy cluster, and some of them you can see are 27 00:01:30.023 --> 00:01:33.593 incredibly distorted, like this dragon-shaped feature, which 28 00:01:33.593 --> 00:01:36.863 seems like a monster straight out of a comic book but is 29 00:01:36.863 --> 00:01:40.567 actually a single spiral galaxy appearing in multiple locations 30 00:01:40.567 --> 00:01:44.705 next to each other in an arc. One of the farthest galaxies in 31 00:01:44.705 --> 00:01:48.875 this image is this little red dot, which is over 13 billion 32 00:01:48.875 --> 00:01:52.346 light-years away, and it appears in multiple locations from the 33 00:01:52.346 --> 00:01:56.516 distortion of the gravitational lens. We’re seeing this galaxy 34 00:01:56.516 --> 00:02:01.388 as it appeared only 600 million years after the Big Bang. The 35 00:02:01.388 --> 00:02:04.257 Hubble Space Telescope is helping keep watch over many, 36 00:02:04.257 --> 00:02:08.528 many galaxies, so if we spot any trouble going down in a far 37 00:02:08.528 --> 00:02:11.598 corner of the universe, we'll be sure to let Star-Lord and his 38 00:02:11.598 --> 00:02:12.332 team know. 39 00:02:12.332 --> 00:00:00.000 nasa.gov/hubble @NASAHubble