Earth ID: 4347

NASA GSFC MASCON Solution over Antarctica from Jan 2004 - Jun 2014

Visualizations by Cindy Starr Released on August 26, 2015

GRACE, NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, consists of twin co-orbiting satellites that fly in a near polar orbit separated by a distance of 220 km. GRACE precisely measures the distance between the two spacecraft in order to make detailed measurements of the Earth's gravitational field. Since its launch in 2002, GRACE has provided a continuous record of changes in the mass of the Earth's ice sheets.

This animations shows the change in the mass of the Antarctic Ice Sheet between January 2004 and June 2014 as measured by the pair of GRACE satellites. The 1-arc-deg NASA GSFC mascon solution data was resampled to a 5130 x 5130 data array using Kriging interpolation. A color scale was applied in the range of +250 to -250 centimeters of equivalent water height, where blue values indicate an increase in the ice sheet mass while red shades indicate a decrease. In addition, a graph overlay shows the running total of the accumulated mass change in gigatons.

The data is first shown over the entire Antarctic Ice Sheet with the graph showing the total change in gigatons for the full ice sheet. The camera then zooms to focus on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, the region to the West of the Trans-Antarctic mountains, where much of the loss has taken place. The animation is shown again over this region while the graph of ice loss presents the change over West Antarctica alone. Regions composed of the floating ice shelves, and thus not a part of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, are shown in a pale shade of green.

Technical Note: The glacial isostatic adjustment signal (Earth mass redistribution in response to historical ice loading) has been removed using the ICE-6G model (Peltier et al. 2015).

A print-resolution image showing the accumulated change in equivalent water height over the Antarctic Ice Sheet from January 2004 through June 2014. A graph of the Antarctic Ice Sheet's total change in gigatons is overlaid on the image.

A print-resolution image showing the accumulated change in equivalent water height over the West Antarctic Ice Sheet from January 2004 through June 2014. A graph of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet's total change in gigatons is overlaid on the image.

Visualization Credits

Cindy Starr (Global Science and Technology, Inc.): Lead Visualizer
Scott Luthcke (NASA/GSFC): Lead Scientist
Bryant Loomis (SGT): Chief Scientist
Patrick Lynch (Wyle Information Systems): Producer
Laurence Schuler (ADNET Systems, Inc.): Technical Support
Ian Jones (ADNET Systems, Inc.): Technical Support

Please give credit for this item to:
NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio

Science Paper:
Luthcke, S.B., T.J. Sabaka, B.D. Loomis, A.A. Arendt, J.J. McCarthy, J. Camp (2013), Antarctica, Greenland and Gulf of Alaska land ice evolution from an iterated GRACE global mascon solution, J. Glac., Vol. 59, No. 216, 613-631, doi:10.3189/2013jJoG12j147.

Peltier, W.R., Argus, D.F. and Drummond, R. (2015) Space geodesy constrains ice-age terminal deglaciation: The global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 120, 450-487, doi:10.1002/2014JB011176.

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https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4347

Data Used:

Antarctic Bedmap2 Topography also referred to as: Bedmap2

Data Compilation - British Antarctic Survey

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Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)/Star Camera/Mascon Solution

NASA - Jan 2004 - June 2014

http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/spacecraft/

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Note: While we identify the data sets used in these visualizations, we do not store any further details nor the data sets themselves on our site.

This item is part of this series:
GRACE Mass Change: 2004-2014

Keywords:
SVS >> Antarctic
SVS >> Antarctic Ice
SVS >> Antarctic Ice Sheet
SVS >> HDTV
SVS >> Hyperwall
NASA Science >> Earth
SVS >> Presentation
GCMD >> Earth Science >> Terrestrial Hydrosphere >> Glaciers/Ice Sheets >> Ice Sheets

GCMD keywords can be found on the Internet with the following citation: Olsen, L.M., G. Major, K. Shein, J. Scialdone, S. Ritz, T. Stevens, M. Morahan, A. Aleman, R. Vogel, S. Leicester, H. Weir, M. Meaux, S. Grebas, C.Solomon, M. Holland, T. Northcutt, R. A. Restrepo, R. Bilodeau, 2013. NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords. Version 8.0.0.0.0