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地图是如何制作的

本幅地图基于多个美国国家航空航天局 (NASA) 任务的数据集制作而成。日食数据是由可视化专家 Ernie Wright 利用来源于 SRTM 的高程信息、来源于 LRO 的月球地形信息以及来源于 JPL DE421 天文历表中的行星位置信息计算得出的。地形图是由首席可视化专家 Michala Garrison 利用 NASA 的 Blue Marble Next Generation 项目提供的地球影像制作而成。同样地，在 2024 年日全食的路径上，也使用了 NASA 的 Black Marble 项目提供的夜间地球影像。

如何看懂这幅地图

地图上的深色路径代表着太阳被月球遮挡的面积最大的区域。此路径上的区域将会发生日全食现象。在深色日食路径内部可以看到不规则的椭圆形轮廓，这些轮廓勾勒出了月球在地球表面上的阴影。在日全食中，这些不规则的椭圆形轮廓被称为本影 (umbra)，它们勾勒出了全食的路径。在地图上，这些椭圆形轮廓内部包含了与当时日食期间月球阴影投射形状相对应的时间信息。

在深色路径内部还有持续时间等值线。这些等值线标示了全食的持续时间长度。距离日食路径中心越近，全食持续时间就越长。在全食路径上，日全食的持续时间最长可达 4 分钟。

地图上还显示了日食路径之外的遮蔽等值线，即太阳表面被月球覆盖的百分比。读者可以沿着地图四周印有从 95% 到 10% 遮蔽程度的等值线获取百分比数据。而深色路径表示的则是遮蔽程度达到 100%。

下载日食数据

2024 年日全食数据： 2024eclipse_shapefiles.zip

压缩包中包含了下列文件：

更多地图版本

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