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"description": "NASA, NOAA Analyses Reveal 2019 Second Warmest Year on Record
According to independent analyses by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Earth's global surface temperatures in 2019 were the second warmest since modern recordkeeping began in 1880.
Globally, 2019 temperatures were second only to those of 2016 and continued the planet's long-term warming trend: the past five years have been the warmest of the last 140 years.
This past year, they were 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (0.98 degrees Celsius) warmer than the 1951 to 1980 mean, according to scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York.
“The decade that just ended is clearly the warmest decade on record,” said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. “Every decade since the 1960s clearly has been warmer than the one before.”
Since the 1880s, the average global surface temperature has risen and the average temperature is now more than 2 degrees Fahrenheit (a bit more than 1 degree Celsius) above that of the late 19th century. For reference, the last Ice Age was about 10 degrees Fahrenheit colder than pre-industrial temperatures.
Using climate models and statistical analysis of global temperature data, scientists have concluded that this increase mostly has been driven by increased emissions into the atmosphere of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases produced by human activities.
“We crossed over into more than 2 degrees Fahrenheit warming territory in 2015 and we are unlikely to go back. This shows that what’s happening is persistent, not a fluke due to some weather phenomenon: we know that the long-term trends are being driven by the increasing levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere,” Schmidt said.
Because weather station locations and measurement practices change over time, the interpretation of specific year-to-year global mean temperature differences has some uncertainties. Taking this into account, NASA estimates that 2019’s global mean change is accurate to within 0.1 degrees Fahrenheit, with a 95% certainty level.
Weather dynamics often affect regional temperatures, so not every region on Earth experienced similar amounts of warming. NOAA found the 2019 annual mean temperature for the contiguous 48 United States was the 34th warmest on record, giving it a “warmer than average” classification. The Arctic region has warmed slightly more than three times faster than the rest of the world since 1970.
Rising temperatures in the atmosphere and ocean are contributing to the continued mass loss from Greenland and Antarctica and to increases in some extreme events, such as heat waves, wildfires, intense precipitation.
NASA’s temperature analyses incorporate surface temperature measurements from more than 20,000 weather stations, ship- and buoy-based observations of sea surface temperatures, and temperature measurements from Antarctic research stations.
These in situ measurements are analyzed using an algorithm that considers the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and urban heat island effects that could skew the conclusions. These calculations produce the global average temperature deviations from the baseline period of 1951 to 1980.
NOAA scientists used much of the same raw temperature data, but with a different interpolation into the Earth’s polar and other data-poor regions. NOAA’s analysis found 2019 global temperatures were 1.7 degrees Fahrenheit (0.95 degrees Celsius) above the 20th century average.
NASA’s full 2019 surface temperature data set and the complete methodology used for the temperature calculation and its uncertainties are available at:\r
\r
https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp
\r
GISS is a laboratory within the Earth Sciences Division of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The laboratory is affiliated with Columbia University’s Earth Institute and School of Engineering and Applied Science in New York.
NASA uses the unique vantage point of space to better understand Earth as an interconnected system. The agency also uses airborne and ground-based measurements, and develops new ways to observe and study Earth with long-term data records and computer analysis tools to better see how our planet is changing. NASA shares this knowledge with the global community and works with institutions in the United States and around the world that contribute to understanding and protecting our home planet.
For more information about NASA’s Earth science activities, visit:\r
\r
https://www.nasa.gov/earth
The slides for the Jan. 15 news conference are available at:
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/briefings/20200115.pdf
NOAA’s Global Report is available at:
https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/201913",
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"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are shown in white. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. Normal temperatures are calculated over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2018-2022. ",
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{
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"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004964/2021f-TemperatureAnomalyF.0900_print.jpg",
"filename": "2021f-TemperatureAnomalyF.0900_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are shown in white. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. Normal temperatures are calculated over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2017-2021. Scale in degrees Fahrenheit.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4901,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4901/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Climate Drivers",
"description": "What are the latest climate models saying about why climate has changed and what might happen in the future? Scientists improve these models using the latest satellite data.GISS is a NASA laboratory managed by the Earth Sciences Division of the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The laboratory is affiliated with Columbia University’s Earth Institute and School of Engineering and Applied Science in New York. || ",
"release_date": "2021-05-31T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2021-05-31T21:59:26.249029-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 380290,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004901/just_years-date.1000_print.jpg",
"filename": "just_years-date.1000_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "All frames on this page are showing the same time sequence. THis is the corresponding year for all of the frame sequences.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4882,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4882/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2020",
"description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are the average over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2016-2020. Scale in degrees Celsius. || print_cel2020_00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [184.6 KB] || print_cel2020_00000_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.3 KB] || print_cel2020_00000_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || GISSTEMP_celsius_fade_composite.mp4 (1920x1080) [69.1 MB] || GISSTEMP_celsius_fade_composite.webm (1920x1080) [3.4 MB] || print_cel2020_00000.tif (3840x2160) [23.7 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2021-01-14T11:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2024-01-31T00:13:51.850767-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 380257,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004800/a004882/print_cel2020_00000_print.jpg",
"filename": "print_cel2020_00000_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are the average over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2016-2020. Scale in degrees Celsius.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
],
"older_versions": [
{
"id": 4626,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4626/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2018",
"description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2018. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Scale in degree Celsius. || 2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.1 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [20.7 MB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/celsius_robinson/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.2 MB] || frames/5760x3240_16x9_30p/celsius/ (5760x3240) [64.0 KB] || frames/5760x3240_16x9_30p/celsius_composite/ (5760x3240) [64.0 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2019-02-06T11:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-15T00:11:33.478198-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 407797,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004600/a004626/2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg",
"filename": "2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2018. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Scale in degree Celsius.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4609,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4609/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2017",
"description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2017. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2013 through 2017. Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_print.jpg (1024x576) [114.7 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_searchweb.png (320x180) [74.8 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_thm.png (80x40) [7.2 KB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/gistemp2017_celsius_wDatesColorbar/ (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [36.8 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.1 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_PrintStill.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/gistemp2017_celsius_wDatesColorbar_4k/ (3840x2160) [128.0 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [136.7 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2018-01-18T10:30:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-15T00:11:25.608262-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 407684,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004600/a004609/gistemp2017_celsius_1072_print.jpg",
"filename": "gistemp2017_celsius_1072_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2017. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2013 through 2017. Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4546,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4546/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2016",
"description": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2016. The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2012 through 2016 in degrees Celsius. || robinson2_1212_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.2 KB] || robinson2_1213_searchweb.png (320x180) [72.8 KB] || robinson2_1213_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_30fps_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/Celsius_composite/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_60p/Celsius_composite/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.1 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.key [48.7 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.pptx [48.3 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2017-01-18T10:29:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:08:53.527665-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 417070,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004546/robinson2_1213_print.jpg",
"filename": "robinson2_1213_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2016. The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2012 through 2016 in degrees Fahrenheit.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4419,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4419/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2015",
"description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2015. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2011 through 2015. Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print.jpg (1024x576) [107.0 KB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.5 KB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/celsius_composite/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.mpeg (1280x720) [122.2 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [79.5 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_prores.mov (1280x720) [533.7 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.webm (960x540) [13.3 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [16.3 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.key [20.0 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.pptx [17.4 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [4.8 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2016-01-20T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:07:35.427886-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 435949,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004400/a004419/4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print.jpg",
"filename": "4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2015. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2011 through 2015. Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4252,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4252/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2014",
"description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2014. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2010 through 2014. || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_print.jpg (1024x576) [122.2 KB] || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_searchweb.png (320x180) [74.5 KB] || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/composite/ (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || 2014_update_robinson_composite.mp4 (1920x1080) [36.8 MB] || 2014_update_robinson_composite.webm (1920x1080) [3.5 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2015-01-16T00:30:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:05:54.358241-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 447356,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004252/GISTEMP_2014update.0905_print.jpg",
"filename": "GISTEMP_2014update.0905_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2014. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2010 through 2014.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4135,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4135/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2013",
"description": "NASA scientists say 2013 tied with 2009 and 2006 for the seventh warmest year since 1880, continuing a long-term trend of rising global temperatures. With the exception of 1998, the 10 warmest years in the 134-year record all have occurred since 2000, with 2010 and 2005 ranking as the warmest years on record.NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York, which analyzes global surface temperatures on an ongoing basis, released an updated report Tuesday on temperatures around the globe in 2013. The comparison shows how Earth continues to experience temperatures warmer than those measured several decades ago. The average temperature in 2013 was 58.3 degrees Fahrenheit (14.6 degrees Celsius), which is 1.1 °F (0.6 °C) warmer than the mid-20th century baseline. The average global temperature has risen about 1.4 °F (0.8 °C) since 1880, according to the new analysis. Exact rankings for individual years are sensitive to data inputs and analysis methods.\"Long-term trends in surface temperatures are unusual and 2013 adds to the evidence for ongoing climate change,\" GISS climatologist Gavin Schmidt said. \"While one year or one season can be affected by random weather events, this analysis shows the necessity for continued, long-term monitoring.\"Scientists emphasize that weather patterns always will cause fluctuations in average temperatures from year to year, but the continued increases in greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere are driving a long-term rise in global temperatures. Each successive year will not necessarily be warmer than the year before, but with the current level of greenhouse gas emissions, scientists expect each successive decade to be warmer than the previous.Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat and plays a major role in controlling changes to Earth's climate. It occurs naturally and also is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels for energy. Driven by increasing man-made emissions, the level of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere presently is higher than at any time in the last 800,000 years. The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere was about 285 parts per million in 1880, the first year in the GISS temperature record. By 1960, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, measured at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, was about 315 parts per million. This measurement peaked last year at more than 400 parts per million.While the world experienced relatively warm temperatures in 2013, the continental United States experienced the 42nd warmest year on record, according to GISS analysis. For some other countries, such as Australia, 2013 was the hottest year on record.The temperature analysis produced at GISS is compiled from weather data from more than 1,000 meteorological stations around the world, satellite observations of sea-surface temperature, and Antarctic research station measurements, taking into account station history and urban heat island effects. Software is used to calculate the difference between surface temperature in a given month and the average temperature for the same place from 1951 to 1980. This three-decade period functions as a baseline for the analysis. It has been 38 years since the recording of a year of cooler than average temperatures.The GISS temperature record is one of several global temperature analyses, along with those produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre in the United Kingdom and NOAA's National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, N.C. These three primary records use slightly different methods, but overall, their trends show close agreement.Additional commentary on the 2013 temperature anomaly is provided by Dr. James Hansen of Columbia University at: http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2014/20140121_Temperature2013.pdfThe GISTEMP analysis website is located at: http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ",
"release_date": "2014-01-21T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:05:06.433374-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 459440,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004135/GCM2013update_robinson_composite.0790.jpg",
"filename": "GCM2013update_robinson_composite.0790.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2013. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal temperatures are shown in blue.The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2009 through 2013. ",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 4030,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4030/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2012",
"description": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2012. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal temperatures are shown in blue. Global surface temperature in 2012 was +0.55 || ",
"release_date": "2013-01-15T13:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:03:50.436213-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 469108,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004000/a004030/doublespeed.0777_web.png",
"filename": "doublespeed.0777_web.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Abbreviated 13 second movie starting from 1950 through 2012 with dates and colorbar applied.",
"width": 320,
"height": 180,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 3901,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/3901/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2011",
"description": "The global average surface temperature in 2011 was the ninth warmest since 1880.The finding sustains a trend that has seen the 21st century experience nine of the 10 warmest years in the modern meteorological record. NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York released an analysis of how temperatures around the globe in 2011 compared to the average global temperature from the mid-20th century. The comparison shows how Earth continues to experience higher temperatures than several decades ago. The average temperature around the globe in 2011 was 0.92 degrees F (0.51 C) higher than the mid-20th century baseline.\"We know the planet is absorbing more energy than it is emitting,\" said GISS director James E. Hansen. \"So we are continuing to see a trend toward higher temperatures. Even with the cooling effects of a strong La Ni?a influence and low solar activity for the past several years, 2011 was one of the 10 warmest years on record.\"The difference between 2011 and the warmest year in the GISS record (2010) is 0.22 degrees F (0.12 C). This underscores the emphasis scientists put on the long-term trend of global temperature rise as opposed to year-to-year variations. Because of the large natural variability of climate, scientists do not expect annual temperatures to rise consistently each year. However, they do expect a continuing temperature rise over decades. The first 11 years of the 21st century experienced notably higher temperatures compared to the middle and late 20th century, Hansen said.For more information on the GISS temperature analysis, visit http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp. || ",
"release_date": "2012-01-20T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-11-14T00:01:45.474586-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 479802,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003900/a003901/date2011updateGISStemperatureAnomalydates_print.1560.jpg",
"filename": "date2011updateGISStemperatureAnomalydates_print.1560.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2011. The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2007 to 2011.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 3490,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/3490/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2007",
"description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. A rapid warming trend has occurred over the past 30 years, and the eight hottest years on the GISS record have occurred in the past decade. 2005 is the hottest year on record, and 2007 is tied with 1998 for second place. The Earth is experiencing the warmest level of the current interglacial period, or interval between ice ages, which has lasted nearly 12,000 years. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2007. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. || ",
"release_date": "2008-01-16T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:30.221415-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 506360,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003490/GCM_temp_anomaly_2003_2007_labeled.0990.jpg",
"filename": "GCM_temp_anomaly_2003_2007_labeled.0990.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This data visualization of global temperature differences from 1881 to 2007. Dark blue areas show regions where the temperature was cooler then the average temperature. Red areas show regions where the temperature was warmer then the average.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 3375,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/3375/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2006",
"description": "Because of a rapid warming trend over the past 30 years, the Earth is now reaching and passing through the warmest levels seen in the last 12,000 years. This color-coded map shows a progression of changing global surface temperatures from 1881 to 2006, the warmest ranked year on record. || ",
"release_date": "2006-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:50.233853-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 510158,
"url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003300/a003375/tempanom.0975.jpg",
"filename": "tempanom.0975.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Animation of global temperature anomalies from 1881 to 2006 taken as a five-year moving average. Dark blue indicates areas cooler than average. Dark red indicates areas warmer than average. This animation is not annotated.",
"width": 720,
"height": 486,
"pixels": 349920
}
}
],
"alternate_versions": []
}