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This visualization celebrates over a year of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown on a flat map using a simple cartesian and extended Molleide projections. Versions are included with and without dates/color bars.

The range of time shown is December 2011 through Decemeber 2012. The data continuously loops through this range every 6 seconds. 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Heavy rainfall, river outflows, ocean currents, sea ice melt, evaporation and other seasonal phenomena can all alter salinity—and scientists can now see these changes in clear detail. NASA's Aquarius mission has collected the agency's first full year of satellite ocean surface salinity measurements, revealing a colorful and dynamic portrait of our salty seas. Salinity shifts, a powerful driver of global ocean currents, are also a fingerprint of variations in Earth's fresh water cycle, providing valuable information on how a changing climate is altering global rainfall patterns. Before Aquarius, researchers had only snapshots of the ocean's salt content variations. With global satellite measurements, they will now be able to see how salinity changes over time. Watch the video to learn more about our ocean's salty motions. || ", "release_date": "2013-03-12T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:19.427239-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 467419, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011100/a011193/cover-1024.jpg", "filename": "cover-1024.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "The rapidly evolving ocean salinity shifts come to life through Aquarius' first year of data.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 4045, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4045/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Aquarius Sea Surface Salinity Tour 2012", "description": "The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over a year of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown at various locations around the globe highlighting the following:the Atlantic Ocean is generally much more salty than the Pacificlow salinity waters in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific are transported westwardhigh influxes of fresh water from the Amazon River basin can be clearly seenlow salinity waters are transported by the Labrador current to the southhigh influxes of fresh water from the Ganges River basin can be seen keeping the Eastern Indian Ocean lower salinity than the Western Indian OceanThe range of time shown is December 2011 through Decemeber 2012. The data continuously loops through this range every 6 seconds. This visualization was generated based on version 2.0 of the Aquarius data products with all 3 scanning beams. || ", "release_date": "2013-02-27T12:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2024-04-07T00:04:36.323457-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 467972, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004000/a004045/aquarius_final01.03800.jpg", "filename": "aquarius_final01.03800.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "A tour of Aquarius sea surface salinity data highlighting interesting features including: the North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, Amazon outflow, Labrador current, and Indian Ocean.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 4046, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/4046/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Aquarius Sea Surface Salinity on Rotating Globes 2012", "description": "The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over a year of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity in the northern hemisphere is shown as the globe slowly rotates. The data cycles through a single year, 2012, and repeats. Two versions of the visualization are provied: a version with dates and a scientific color bar and another version without dates and a simpler color bar. The range of time shown is December 2011 through Decemeber 2012. The data continuously loops through this range every 6 seconds. This visualization was generated based on version 2.0 of the Aquarius data products with all 3 scanning beams.http://The Aquarius spacecraft || ", "release_date": "2013-02-27T12:00:00-05:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:52:22.392507-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 468011, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004000/a004046/public.aquarius_globe_science_final01.10720.jpg", "filename": "public.aquarius_globe_science_final01.10720.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Aquarius spinning globe without dates and with public colorbar.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [ { "id": 5017, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/5017/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "A Decade of Sea Surface Salinity", "description": "This data visualization shows sea surface salinity (i.e., ocean salt concentration) over a ten year period (2011 to 2021). Warm colors (orange to yellow) are areas of high salinity/hot tropics. Cooler colors (blue to violet) are fresher waters, many of which can be seen coming from rainy/river/wetter tropics. || salinity_v48_8k.4653_print.jpg (1024x512) [132.1 KB] || salinity_v48_8k.4653_searchweb.png (320x180) [80.5 KB] || salinity_v48_8k.4653_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || salinity_v49_1000p30.mp4 (2000x1000) [56.3 MB] || frames/2000x1000_2x1_60p/ (2000x1000) [256.0 KB] || salinity_v49_1000p30.webm (2000x1000) [14.5 MB] || salinity_v49_1000p60.mp4 (2000x1000) [31.9 MB] || frames/8000x4000_2x1_60p/ (8000x4000) [256.0 KB] || salinity_v49_8k_2000p30_h265.mp4 (4000x2000) [88.0 MB] || ", "release_date": "2022-08-26T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-04-07T23:16:31.510868-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 369647, "url": "https://nasaviz.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005017/salinity_v48_8k.4653_print.jpg", "filename": "salinity_v48_8k.4653_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This data visualization shows sea surface salinity (i.e., ocean salt concentration) over a ten year period (2011 to 2021). Warm colors (orange to yellow) are areas of high salinity/hot tropics. Cooler colors (blue to violet) are fresher waters, many of which can be seen coming from rainy/river/wetter tropics.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } } ], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }