Aquarius Sea Surface Salinity on Rotating Globes 2012

This data visualization shows sea surface salinity (i.e., ocean salt concentration) over a ten year period (2011 to 2021). Warm colors (orange to yellow) are areas of high salinity/hot tropics. Cooler colors (blue to violet) are fresher waters, many of which can be seen coming from rainy/river/wetter tropics. Sea Surface Salinity (i.e., ocean salt) colorbar. Date overlay for above data visualization. Example composite animation using the colorbar and date overlays. The heat of the sun forces evaporation at the ocean's surface, which puts water vapor into the atmosphere but leaves minerals and salts behind, keeping the ocean salty. The salinity of the ocean also varies from place to place, because evaporation varies based on the sea surface temperature and wind, rivers and rain storms inject fresh water into the ocean, and melting or freezing sea ice affects the salinity of polar waters. Related pages

Rectangular flat map projection (Atlantic-centered) with grid lines showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Rectangular flat map projection (Atlantic-centered) showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Rectangular flat map projection (Pacific-centered) with grid lines showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Rectangular flat map projection (Pacific-centered) showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Extended Mollweide map projection (Atlantic-centered) with grid lines showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Extended Mollweide map projection (Atlantic-centered) showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Extended Mollweide map projection (Pacific-centered) with grid lines showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Extended Mollweide map projection (Pacific-centered) showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius between September 2011 and September 2014. Print resolution still - Rectangular flat map projection (Atlantic-centered) showing Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius. Aquarius color bar showing salinity range from 30 to 40 PSU, going from blue to green to red. The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over three years of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown on a flat map using simple cartesian and extended Molleide projections. Versions are included with and without grid lines, and in both Altantic-centered and Pacific-centered projections.The range of time shown is September 2011 through September 2014. This visualization was generated based on version 3.0 of the Aquarius data products. For More InformationSee [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/) Related pages

3 years of sea surface salinity data displayed on a spinning globe focused on the northern hemisphere with date and color bar 3 years of sea surface salinity data displayed on a spinning globe (with grid lines) focused on the northern hemisphere with date and color bar 3 years of sea surface salinity data displayed on a spinning globe with date and color bar 3 years of sea surface salinity data displayed on a spinning globe (with grid lines) with date and color bar 3 years of sea surface salinity data displayed on a spinning globe focused on the northern hemisphere. No dates or color bar Print resolution still of the oceans around Africa Print resolution still of the oceans around Asia Print resolution still of the oceans around the Americas Aquarius color bar showing salinity range from 30 to 40 PSU, going from blue to green to red The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over three years of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown on a spinning globe (with and without grid lines).The range of time shown is September 2011 through September 2014. This visualization was generated based on version 3.0 of the Aquarius data products. For More InformationSee [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/) Related pages

This is a narrated video about NASA's observations of soil moisture and its applications.For complete transcript, click here. This is a rotating globe with soil moisture maps made by the Aquarius instrument aboard the Aquarius/SAC-D satellite. This is a video demonstrating soil moisture in different weather. NASA's Aquarius instrument has released its first released worldwide maps of soil moisture. Soil moisture, the water contained within soil particles, is an important player in Earth's water cycle. This animated version of Aquarius' measurements reveals a dynamic pattern of worldwide shifts between dry and moist soils.Here is the YouTube video. For More InformationSee [http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasas-aquarius-returns-global-maps-of-soil-moisture](http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/nasas-aquarius-returns-global-maps-of-soil-moisture) Related pages

The rapidly evolving ocean salinity shifts come to life through Aquarius' first year of data. Take a global tour of ocean salinity, courtesy of Aquarius data. Red represents the highest surface salinity; blue represents the lowest. The large region of high salinity that stretches across the North Atlantic is the saltiest spot in the open ocean. The Amazon River releases a fresh water plume that heads toward Africa or bends up to the Caribbean depending on the prevailing currents. The seasonal melting of sea ice causes a sharp decrease in sea surface salinity in the Labrador Sea and the coastal waters of Greenland. For More InformationSee [NASA.gov](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/data-first-year.html) Related pages

Flat map projection of Aquarius sea surface salinity Flat map projection of Aquarius sea surface salinity data with dates and colorbar Extended Mollweide projection of Aquarius sea surface salinity Extended Mollweide projection of Aquarius sea surface salinity with dates and colorbar Aquarius color bar showing salinity range from 30 to 40 PSU, going from blue to green to red. The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over a year of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown on a flat map using a simple cartesian and extended Molleide projections. Versions are included with and without dates/color bars.The range of time shown is December 2011 through Decemeber 2012. The data continuously loops through this range every 6 seconds. This visualization was generated based on version 2.0 of the Aquarius data products with all 3 scanning beams. For More InformationSee [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/data-first-year.html](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/data-first-year.html) Related pages

A narrated tour of Aquarius sea surface salinity data highlighting interesting features including: the North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, Amazon outflow, Labrador current, and Indian Ocean.For complete transcript, click here.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. A Spanish language narrated tour of Aquarius sea surface salinity data highlighting interesting features including: the North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, Amazon outflow, Labrador current, and Indian Ocean.For complete transcript, click here. A tour of Aquarius sea surface salinity data highlighting interesting features including: the North Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, Amazon outflow, Labrador current, and Indian Ocean. Print resolution still showing the salty North Atlantic. Print resolution still showing the low salinity region in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Print resolution still showing the massive outflow of fresh water from the Amazon River. Print resolution still showing the low salinity melt water transported near Greenland and Labrador. Print resolution still showing the higher salinity Western Indian Ocean compared to the low salinity Eastern Indian Ocean. Print resolution still showing the Atlantic Ocean. Print resolution still showing the Pacific Ocean. Aquarius color bar intended for the public. The salinity range is low to high, going from blue to green to red. Aquarius color bar intended for scientists. The salinity range is 30 to 40 PSU, going from blue to green to red. The Aquarius spacecraft is designed to measure global sea surface salinity. It is important to understand salinity, the amount of dissolved salts in water, because it will lead us to better understanding of the water cycle and can lead to improved climate models. Aquarius is a collaboration between NASA and the Space Agency of ArgentinaThis visualization celebrates over a year of successful Aquarius observations. Sea surface salinity is shown at various locations around the globe highlighting the following:the Atlantic Ocean is generally much more salty than the Pacificlow salinity waters in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific are transported westwardhigh influxes of fresh water from the Amazon River basin can be clearly seenlow salinity waters are transported by the Labrador current to the southhigh influxes of fresh water from the Ganges River basin can be seen keeping the Eastern Indian Ocean lower salinity than the Western Indian OceanThe range of time shown is December 2011 through Decemeber 2012. The data continuously loops through this range every 6 seconds. This visualization was generated based on version 2.0 of the Aquarius data products with all 3 scanning beams. For More InformationSee [http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/data-first-year.html](http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/aquarius/news/data-first-year.html) Related pages