WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:00.934 --> 00:00:03.903 [Chimpanzee calls and forest sounds] 2 00:00:08.775 --> 00:00:10.443 GOODALL: For me, storytelling 3 00:00:10.510 --> 00:00:15.815 has always been the way to reach the heart. The stories that you can tell around 4 00:00:15.882 --> 00:00:19.886 the images, along with the images make something very, 5 00:00:19.953 --> 00:00:21.755 very powerful. 6 00:00:21.921 --> 00:00:28.228 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: For 50 years NASA satellites like Landsat have been measuring dramatic changes in the world’s forests. 7 00:00:28.728 --> 00:00:30.964 PINTEA: Science and technologies, 8 00:00:31.031 --> 00:00:34.067 especially satellite imagery, are absolutely essential 9 00:00:34.134 --> 00:00:36.936 because people's livelihoods, natural resources 10 00:00:36.970 --> 00:00:41.508 and biodiversity are connected to each other. 11 00:00:41.608 --> 00:00:45.211 Satellite imagery are our eyes in the sky, 12 00:00:45.278 --> 00:00:49.015 providing those insights and up to date information. 13 00:00:49.082 --> 00:00:51.051 VILLAGE LEADER: [speaks in local language] 14 00:00:51.151 --> 00:00:56.656 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: Goodall’s Tacare program is a community-led approach helping both people and the environment 15 00:00:57.123 --> 00:01:02.328 Satellite imagery has been used as a tool in their conservation efforts. 16 00:01:04.130 --> 00:01:07.767 GOODALL: Going around the villages at the beginning of our Tacare program, 17 00:01:07.834 --> 00:01:12.372 helping the villagers understand the importance of conservation 18 00:01:12.472 --> 00:01:17.310 and what the deforestation was actually doing to harm them. 19 00:01:17.377 --> 00:01:22.182 I will never forget when Lilian and I went to one of these villages 20 00:01:22.282 --> 00:01:27.153 and he’d acquired one of these huge satellite imagery maps, 21 00:01:27.220 --> 00:01:30.990 and we laid it out and the villagers were sitting around it 22 00:01:31.057 --> 00:01:35.462 and their excitement was absolutely fantastic. 23 00:01:35.528 --> 00:01:37.230 There was one woman saying, 24 00:01:37.297 --> 00:01:41.301 That's the tree where I put my baby when I'm working in the fields. 25 00:01:41.534 --> 00:01:45.605 And another man was saying, now we can see our sacred sites, 26 00:01:45.672 --> 00:01:48.675 this tree and this rock. 27 00:01:48.775 --> 00:01:50.543 And I remember one woman 28 00:01:50.610 --> 00:01:55.315 and she said, well, I used to do my farming on this hillside. 29 00:01:55.381 --> 00:02:00.720 And she pointed to it and she said, But then all the trees went away. 30 00:02:00.787 --> 00:02:05.225 And there was this terrible landslide which showed on the map you could see 31 00:02:05.458 --> 00:02:10.363 where the mud had slid down and there was no vegetation left on either side. 32 00:02:10.597 --> 00:02:12.732 So she said, Now I understand. 33 00:02:12.799 --> 00:02:17.303 Now I know that it's worth walking a whole extra hour in the morning 34 00:02:17.370 --> 00:02:21.941 to get to a place where I can cultivate the land without causing 35 00:02:22.008 --> 00:02:28.615 this terrible destruction of the environment. 36 00:02:28.681 --> 00:02:31.518 MWANANG’OMBE: Tacare gives me hope. 37 00:02:31.584 --> 00:02:36.623 The way it gives me hope is it is changing lives 38 00:02:36.723 --> 00:02:42.395 and it is also empowering the local voices. 39 00:02:42.462 --> 00:02:45.331 You find they are people they call themselves 40 00:02:45.331 --> 00:02:49.335 forest guardians, friends of forest. 41 00:02:49.435 --> 00:02:55.074 There are people who are becoming, you know, tree planting groups. 42 00:02:55.141 --> 00:02:57.076 PINTEA: More than 80% of biodiversity 43 00:02:57.076 --> 00:03:01.948 are in the hands of indigenous people and local communities across the world. 44 00:03:02.015 --> 00:03:02.882 In Africa on average, 45 00:03:02.882 --> 00:03:08.221 more than 65% land tenure is in the hands of local communities. 46 00:03:08.288 --> 00:03:12.859 So if we want to achieve conservation impact and address the climate change, 47 00:03:12.959 --> 00:03:17.897 we have to work with local communities and not only engage them but empowers them 48 00:03:17.964 --> 00:03:23.736 to own and drive decision making in their landscapes. 49 00:03:23.803 --> 00:03:26.372 GOODALL: Well, the Tacare approach began 50 00:03:26.439 --> 00:03:30.443 when I flew over the Gombe area. 51 00:03:30.577 --> 00:03:35.815 I flew over an area which in 1960 was part of the equatorial forest 52 00:03:35.882 --> 00:03:41.287 belt that stretched right across Equatorial Africa to the west coast. 53 00:03:41.354 --> 00:03:44.791 By the late ‘80s, I flew over in a small plane 54 00:03:44.857 --> 00:03:48.962 and I looked down and I saw the tiny island of forests 55 00:03:49.028 --> 00:03:54.701 Gombe National Park is very small, surrounded by bare hills. 56 00:03:54.801 --> 00:03:55.602 As you know, I 57 00:03:55.602 --> 00:04:00.340 spent many, many years studying chimpanzees. 58 00:04:00.406 --> 00:04:03.376 When I began, there was probably between one and two 59 00:04:03.376 --> 00:04:05.912 and I'd say closer to 2 million. 60 00:04:05.979 --> 00:04:09.682 And today, 100,000 to 300 and a bit 61 00:04:09.682 --> 00:04:13.620 thousand is all that's left. 62 00:04:13.686 --> 00:04:16.856 Many of them are in fragmented environments, 63 00:04:16.923 --> 00:04:20.994 isolated genetically and have little chance of survival. 64 00:04:21.194 --> 00:04:23.029 So they are highly endangered. 65 00:04:23.096 --> 00:04:26.966 And if we don't take action, then they will become 66 00:04:26.966 --> 00:04:33.473 extinct. 67 00:04:33.573 --> 00:04:34.807 PINTEA: The NASA satellite data 68 00:04:34.807 --> 00:04:37.510 helped us understand what does it mean to be a chimp? 69 00:04:37.577 --> 00:04:40.046 It helps us understand where to protect them. 70 00:04:40.113 --> 00:04:42.482 NASA's supports 71 00:04:42.482 --> 00:04:47.387 launches and maintains and manages a constellation of different satellites, 72 00:04:47.487 --> 00:04:50.823 and some of them going all the way back to 1972. 73 00:04:50.890 --> 00:04:54.027 By providing this data to the conservation community. 74 00:04:54.060 --> 00:04:59.632 it helps us continuously monitor the chimpanzee habitats. 75 00:04:59.732 --> 00:05:00.333 The chimpanzee 76 00:05:00.333 --> 00:05:04.604 habitat suitability model develop with support from NASA, 77 00:05:04.671 --> 00:05:09.742 and The University of Maryland, includes more than a dozen variables directly 78 00:05:09.809 --> 00:05:14.714 extracted from Landsat satellite imagery, and it includes NDVI. 79 00:05:14.781 --> 00:05:16.916 It includes percent tree canopy cover. 80 00:05:16.916 --> 00:05:19.819 It includes tree heights. 81 00:05:19.886 --> 00:05:22.488 Using conservation standards, approach and dashboards, 82 00:05:22.488 --> 00:05:26.492 we take those models and turn them into habitat health indicators, 83 00:05:26.592 --> 00:05:31.230 into actionable information people on the ground can actually work with, 84 00:05:31.297 --> 00:05:34.434 and the conditions of the forest can change quite rapidly due 85 00:05:34.434 --> 00:05:38.738 to illegal logging, mining or any other threats. 86 00:05:38.805 --> 00:05:43.242 So this information is updated in near real time 87 00:05:43.309 --> 00:05:48.181 so the conservation decisionmakers can see the individual threats affecting 88 00:05:48.414 --> 00:05:51.984 chimpanzee habitats from village to national scales 89 00:05:52.051 --> 00:05:56.022 and across the entire chimpanzee range in Africa. 90 00:05:56.089 --> 00:06:00.626 And this NASA data helps identify areas under threat of illegal 91 00:06:00.693 --> 00:06:03.963 logging or fire damage, where local managers 92 00:06:04.030 --> 00:06:10.103 could be deployed to mitigate the threat. In addition, mobile apps enable community 93 00:06:10.169 --> 00:06:15.308 members to become involved in not just tracking changes in their habitat, 94 00:06:15.375 --> 00:06:19.512 but to be active in enforcing the protection of their village 95 00:06:19.579 --> 00:06:21.714 forest reserves from degradation. 96 00:06:21.781 --> 00:06:25.785 The community leaders have even used this data to inform 97 00:06:25.918 --> 00:06:32.392 their village land use planning. Voluntarily moving farms away from areas where forest 98 00:06:32.458 --> 00:06:42.402 restoration would lead to the greatest gain for watersheds and people. 99 00:06:42.502 --> 00:06:43.803 GOODALL: It works both ways. 100 00:06:43.803 --> 00:06:49.675 Sometimes you show a lush forest and then you show how a few years later 101 00:06:49.909 --> 00:06:50.910 it's devastated. 102 00:06:50.910 --> 00:06:54.914 There's just a few burnt stumps. 103 00:06:55.114 --> 00:06:56.549 But on the other hand, 104 00:06:56.616 --> 00:07:01.287 there are other images which show you a devastated landscape. 105 00:07:01.354 --> 00:07:08.261 And then five years later, trees coming back, regeneration, new hope, new life. 106 00:07:08.327 --> 00:07:12.331 So the stories that you can tell around the images, 107 00:07:12.465 --> 00:07:16.469 along with the images, make something very, very powerful. 108 00:07:16.602 --> 00:07:21.340 And you need both to make the kind of impact that we need to make today 109 00:07:21.407 --> 00:07:24.744 to help people understand the devastation we've caused. 110 00:07:24.811 --> 00:07:28.247 But to give them hope that we can turn things around. 111 00:07:28.281 --> 00:07:31.250 And that's what these satellite images show. 112 00:07:31.250 --> 00:07:35.254 So clearly. 113 00:07:35.354 --> 00:07:36.155 MWANANG’OMBE: I'm convinced 114 00:07:36.155 --> 00:07:41.327 that we have planted a seed that is going to spread. 115 00:07:41.427 --> 00:07:46.232 And this is a very good way of trying to ensure our contribution 116 00:07:46.299 --> 00:07:49.902 to the mother planet. 117 00:07:50.002 --> 00:07:52.705 GOODALL: My future is a future where 118 00:07:52.772 --> 00:07:58.811 technology is married to compassion and love. 119 00:07:59.779 --> 00:08:04.750 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: Video footage courtesy Jane Goodall Productions. Conservation dashboards created with support from NASA, The University of Maryland, Esri, Maxar, and the US Agency for International Development.