1 00:00:00,934 --> 00:00:03,903 [Chimpanzee calls and forest sounds] 2 00:00:08,775 --> 00:00:10,443 GOODALL: For me, storytelling 3 00:00:10,510 --> 00:00:15,815 has always been the way to reach the heart. The stories that you can tell around 4 00:00:15,882 --> 00:00:19,886 the images, along with the images make something very, 5 00:00:19,953 --> 00:00:21,755 very powerful. 6 00:00:21,921 --> 00:00:28,228 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: For 50 years NASA satellites like Landsat have been measuring dramatic changes in the world’s forests. 7 00:00:28,728 --> 00:00:30,964 PINTEA: Science and technologies, 8 00:00:31,031 --> 00:00:34,067 especially satellite imagery, are absolutely essential 9 00:00:34,134 --> 00:00:36,936 because people's livelihoods, natural resources 10 00:00:36,970 --> 00:00:41,508 and biodiversity are connected to each other. 11 00:00:41,608 --> 00:00:45,211 Satellite imagery are our eyes in the sky, 12 00:00:45,278 --> 00:00:49,015 providing those insights and up to date information. 13 00:00:49,082 --> 00:00:51,051 VILLAGE LEADER: [speaks in local language] 14 00:00:51,151 --> 00:00:56,656 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: Goodall’s Tacare program is a community-led approach helping both people and the environment 15 00:00:57,123 --> 00:01:02,328 Satellite imagery has been used as a tool in their conservation efforts. 16 00:01:04,130 --> 00:01:07,767 GOODALL: Going around the villages at the beginning of our Tacare program, 17 00:01:07,834 --> 00:01:12,372 helping the villagers understand the importance of conservation 18 00:01:12,472 --> 00:01:17,310 and what the deforestation was actually doing to harm them. 19 00:01:17,377 --> 00:01:22,182 I will never forget when Lilian and I went to one of these villages 20 00:01:22,282 --> 00:01:27,153 and he’d acquired one of these huge satellite imagery maps, 21 00:01:27,220 --> 00:01:30,990 and we laid it out and the villagers were sitting around it 22 00:01:31,057 --> 00:01:35,462 and their excitement was absolutely fantastic. 23 00:01:35,528 --> 00:01:37,230 There was one woman saying, 24 00:01:37,297 --> 00:01:41,301 That's the tree where I put my baby when I'm working in the fields. 25 00:01:41,534 --> 00:01:45,605 And another man was saying, now we can see our sacred sites, 26 00:01:45,672 --> 00:01:48,675 this tree and this rock. 27 00:01:48,775 --> 00:01:50,543 And I remember one woman 28 00:01:50,610 --> 00:01:55,315 and she said, well, I used to do my farming on this hillside. 29 00:01:55,381 --> 00:02:00,720 And she pointed to it and she said, But then all the trees went away. 30 00:02:00,787 --> 00:02:05,225 And there was this terrible landslide which showed on the map you could see 31 00:02:05,458 --> 00:02:10,363 where the mud had slid down and there was no vegetation left on either side. 32 00:02:10,597 --> 00:02:12,732 So she said, Now I understand. 33 00:02:12,799 --> 00:02:17,303 Now I know that it's worth walking a whole extra hour in the morning 34 00:02:17,370 --> 00:02:21,941 to get to a place where I can cultivate the land without causing 35 00:02:22,008 --> 00:02:28,615 this terrible destruction of the environment. 36 00:02:28,681 --> 00:02:31,518 MWANANG’OMBE: Tacare gives me hope. 37 00:02:31,584 --> 00:02:36,623 The way it gives me hope is it is changing lives 38 00:02:36,723 --> 00:02:42,395 and it is also empowering the local voices. 39 00:02:42,462 --> 00:02:45,331 You find they are people they call themselves 40 00:02:45,331 --> 00:02:49,335 forest guardians, friends of forest. 41 00:02:49,435 --> 00:02:55,074 There are people who are becoming, you know, tree planting groups. 42 00:02:55,141 --> 00:02:57,076 PINTEA: More than 80% of biodiversity 43 00:02:57,076 --> 00:03:01,948 are in the hands of indigenous people and local communities across the world. 44 00:03:02,015 --> 00:03:02,882 In Africa on average, 45 00:03:02,882 --> 00:03:08,221 more than 65% land tenure is in the hands of local communities. 46 00:03:08,288 --> 00:03:12,859 So if we want to achieve conservation impact and address the climate change, 47 00:03:12,959 --> 00:03:17,897 we have to work with local communities and not only engage them but empowers them 48 00:03:17,964 --> 00:03:23,736 to own and drive decision making in their landscapes. 49 00:03:23,803 --> 00:03:26,372 GOODALL: Well, the Tacare approach began 50 00:03:26,439 --> 00:03:30,443 when I flew over the Gombe area. 51 00:03:30,577 --> 00:03:35,815 I flew over an area which in 1960 was part of the equatorial forest 52 00:03:35,882 --> 00:03:41,287 belt that stretched right across Equatorial Africa to the west coast. 53 00:03:41,354 --> 00:03:44,791 By the late ‘80s, I flew over in a small plane 54 00:03:44,857 --> 00:03:48,962 and I looked down and I saw the tiny island of forests 55 00:03:49,028 --> 00:03:54,701 Gombe National Park is very small, surrounded by bare hills. 56 00:03:54,801 --> 00:03:55,602 As you know, I 57 00:03:55,602 --> 00:04:00,340 spent many, many years studying chimpanzees. 58 00:04:00,406 --> 00:04:03,376 When I began, there was probably between one and two 59 00:04:03,376 --> 00:04:05,912 and I'd say closer to 2 million. 60 00:04:05,979 --> 00:04:09,682 And today, 100,000 to 300 and a bit 61 00:04:09,682 --> 00:04:13,620 thousand is all that's left. 62 00:04:13,686 --> 00:04:16,856 Many of them are in fragmented environments, 63 00:04:16,923 --> 00:04:20,994 isolated genetically and have little chance of survival. 64 00:04:21,194 --> 00:04:23,029 So they are highly endangered. 65 00:04:23,096 --> 00:04:26,966 And if we don't take action, then they will become 66 00:04:26,966 --> 00:04:33,473 extinct. 67 00:04:33,573 --> 00:04:34,807 PINTEA: The NASA satellite data 68 00:04:34,807 --> 00:04:37,510 helped us understand what does it mean to be a chimp? 69 00:04:37,577 --> 00:04:40,046 It helps us understand where to protect them. 70 00:04:40,113 --> 00:04:42,482 NASA's supports 71 00:04:42,482 --> 00:04:47,387 launches and maintains and manages a constellation of different satellites, 72 00:04:47,487 --> 00:04:50,823 and some of them going all the way back to 1972. 73 00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:54,027 By providing this data to the conservation community. 74 00:04:54,060 --> 00:04:59,632 it helps us continuously monitor the chimpanzee habitats. 75 00:04:59,732 --> 00:05:00,333 The chimpanzee 76 00:05:00,333 --> 00:05:04,604 habitat suitability model develop with support from NASA, 77 00:05:04,671 --> 00:05:09,742 and The University of Maryland, includes more than a dozen variables directly 78 00:05:09,809 --> 00:05:14,714 extracted from Landsat satellite imagery, and it includes NDVI. 79 00:05:14,781 --> 00:05:16,916 It includes percent tree canopy cover. 80 00:05:16,916 --> 00:05:19,819 It includes tree heights. 81 00:05:19,886 --> 00:05:22,488 Using conservation standards, approach and dashboards, 82 00:05:22,488 --> 00:05:26,492 we take those models and turn them into habitat health indicators, 83 00:05:26,592 --> 00:05:31,230 into actionable information people on the ground can actually work with, 84 00:05:31,297 --> 00:05:34,434 and the conditions of the forest can change quite rapidly due 85 00:05:34,434 --> 00:05:38,738 to illegal logging, mining or any other threats. 86 00:05:38,805 --> 00:05:43,242 So this information is updated in near real time 87 00:05:43,309 --> 00:05:48,181 so the conservation decisionmakers can see the individual threats affecting 88 00:05:48,414 --> 00:05:51,984 chimpanzee habitats from village to national scales 89 00:05:52,051 --> 00:05:56,022 and across the entire chimpanzee range in Africa. 90 00:05:56,089 --> 00:06:00,626 And this NASA data helps identify areas under threat of illegal 91 00:06:00,693 --> 00:06:03,963 logging or fire damage, where local managers 92 00:06:04,030 --> 00:06:10,103 could be deployed to mitigate the threat. In addition, mobile apps enable community 93 00:06:10,169 --> 00:06:15,308 members to become involved in not just tracking changes in their habitat, 94 00:06:15,375 --> 00:06:19,512 but to be active in enforcing the protection of their village 95 00:06:19,579 --> 00:06:21,714 forest reserves from degradation. 96 00:06:21,781 --> 00:06:25,785 The community leaders have even used this data to inform 97 00:06:25,918 --> 00:06:32,392 their village land use planning. Voluntarily moving farms away from areas where forest 98 00:06:32,458 --> 00:06:42,402 restoration would lead to the greatest gain for watersheds and people. 99 00:06:42,502 --> 00:06:43,803 GOODALL: It works both ways. 100 00:06:43,803 --> 00:06:49,675 Sometimes you show a lush forest and then you show how a few years later 101 00:06:49,909 --> 00:06:50,910 it's devastated. 102 00:06:50,910 --> 00:06:54,914 There's just a few burnt stumps. 103 00:06:55,114 --> 00:06:56,549 But on the other hand, 104 00:06:56,616 --> 00:07:01,287 there are other images which show you a devastated landscape. 105 00:07:01,354 --> 00:07:08,261 And then five years later, trees coming back, regeneration, new hope, new life. 106 00:07:08,327 --> 00:07:12,331 So the stories that you can tell around the images, 107 00:07:12,465 --> 00:07:16,469 along with the images, make something very, very powerful. 108 00:07:16,602 --> 00:07:21,340 And you need both to make the kind of impact that we need to make today 109 00:07:21,407 --> 00:07:24,744 to help people understand the devastation we've caused. 110 00:07:24,811 --> 00:07:28,247 But to give them hope that we can turn things around. 111 00:07:28,281 --> 00:07:31,250 And that's what these satellite images show. 112 00:07:31,250 --> 00:07:35,254 So clearly. 113 00:07:35,354 --> 00:07:36,155 MWANANG’OMBE: I'm convinced 114 00:07:36,155 --> 00:07:41,327 that we have planted a seed that is going to spread. 115 00:07:41,427 --> 00:07:46,232 And this is a very good way of trying to ensure our contribution 116 00:07:46,299 --> 00:07:49,902 to the mother planet. 117 00:07:50,002 --> 00:07:52,705 GOODALL: My future is a future where 118 00:07:52,772 --> 00:07:58,811 technology is married to compassion and love. 119 00:07:59,779 --> 00:08:04,750 TEXT-ON-SCREEN: Video footage courtesy Jane Goodall Productions. Conservation dashboards created with support from NASA, The University of Maryland, Esri, Maxar, and the US Agency for International Development.